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1. back C ANAT:

back (of human)
espalda f
back (of animal)
lomo m
he was lying on his back
estaba tumbado boca arriba
I fell on my back
me caí de espaldas
he was flat on his back for a month
estuvo un mes en cama sin moverse
he was standing with his back to the door
estaba (de pie) de espaldas a la puerta
you break your back working and …
te deslomas or te partes el lomo trabajando y …
while my back was turned he went and told the boss
fue y se lo contó al jefe a mis espaldas
I was glad to see the back of him
me alegré de que se fuera
behind sb's back they laugh at him behind his back
se ríen de él a sus espaldas
they went behind my back and wrote to him
le escribieron sin consultarme or sin mi autorización
on the back of sb/sth
a costa de alguien/algo
to be on sb's back coloq
estarle encima a alguien
I had the boss on my back
tenía al jefe encima
just get off my back!
déjame en paz coloq
to break the back of a job
hacer la parte más difícil de un trabajo
to get or put sb's back up coloq
irritar a alguien
to put one's back into sth
poner empeño en algo
to turn one's back on sb
volverle la espalda a alguien
she turned her back on her family
le volvió la espalda a su familia

3. back C or U (rear part):

the back of the hall
el fondo de la sala
the back of the car
la parte trasera or de atrás del coche
the back of the house
la parte de atrás de la casa
a truck ran into the back of me
un camión me chocó por detrás
at the back of the drawer
en el fondo del cajón
we sat at the back
nos sentamos al fondo
I'll sit in the back (of car)
yo me siento detrás or (en el asiento de) atrás
there's a yard at the back
hay un patio atrás
we stood at the back of the line
nos pusimos al final de la cola
(in) back of the sofa americ
detrás del sofá
he's out back in the yard americ
está en el patio, al fondo
in the back of beyond
quién sabe dónde, en el quinto pino Esp coloq
in the back of beyond
donde el diablo perdió el poncho AmSul coloq

II.back [americ bæk, Brit bak] ADJ atrib, no compar

1. back (indicating return, repetition):

he invited me back for coffee
me invitó a volver a su casa a tomar un café
we can get there and back in an hour
podemos ir y volver en una hora
the journey back
el viaje de vuelta
I'll be back by eight o'clock
estaré de vuelta para las ocho
I'll be back by eight o'clock
volveré antes de las ocho
Edwin is back from Paris
Edwin ha vuelto de París
it's back to work on Monday
el lunes hay que volver al trabajo
John is back in Toronto
John ha vuelto a Toronto
the Democrats are back in power
los demócratas han vuelto al poder
long hair is back (in fashion)
vuelve (a estar de moda) el pelo largo
meanwhile, back at the house …
mientras tanto, en la casa …
to run/fly back
volver corriendo/en avión
I'll drive you back
te llevo de vuelta en coche
we arrived back in Cambridge tired but happy
regresamos a Cambridge cansados pero contentos
she came back out
volvió a salir
I'll mail it back
lo devolveré por correo
I'll mail it back
lo mandaré de vuelta por correo
he asked for the ring back
pidió que le devolviera el anillo
he lapsed back into a coma
volvió a caer en coma

5. back → backward

back and forth (backward(s) and forward(s))
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Veja também: go back, take back, scratch, keep back, hold back, hand, backward

go back VERBO [americ ɡoʊ -, Brit ɡəʊ -] (v + adv)

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1.1. go back (return, go home):

go back
volver
I had to go back for my umbrella
tuve que volver a buscar el paraguas
I had to go back for my umbrella
tuve que regresarme a buscar el paraguas lat-amer
I'd like to go back to Germany sometime
me gustaría volver a Alemania alguna vez
to go back to work
volver al trabajo
I shall never go back to that dentist!
¡no vuelvo nunca más a ese dentista!
she won't go back to him
no quiere volver con él
go back!
¡vuelve atrás!
go back!
¡retrocede!
there's no going back now
ya no se puede (or no nos podemos etc.) volver atrás

I.take back VERBO [americ teɪk -, Brit teɪk -] (v + o + adv, v + adv + o)

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II.take back VERBO [americ teɪk -, Brit teɪk -] (v + o + adv) (in time)

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II.scratch [americ skrætʃ, Brit skratʃ] VERBO trans

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III.scratch [americ skrætʃ, Brit skratʃ] VERBO intr

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IV.scratch [americ skrætʃ, Brit skratʃ] ADJ atrib

I.keep back VERBO [americ kip -, Brit kiːp -] (v + adv)

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II.keep back VERBO [americ kip -, Brit kiːp -] (v + o + adv, v + adv + o)

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III.keep back VERBO [americ kip -, Brit kiːp -] (v + o + adv)

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I.hold back VERBO [americ hoʊld -, Brit həʊld -] (v + o + adv, v + adv + o)

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II.hold back VERBO [americ hoʊld -, Brit həʊld -] (v + adv)

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1. hand ANAT:

hand
mano f
I received it from the king's own hand
lo recibí de manos del rey
you couldn't see your hand in front of your face
no se veía nada
to be good or clever with one's hands
ser hábil con las manos
to be good or clever with one's hands
ser mañoso
with one's own hands
con sus (or mis etc.) propias manos
he killed it with his bare hands
lo mató a mano limpia
to give sb one's hand
darle la mano a alguien
they were holding hands when they arrived
llegaron tomados or agarrados de la mano
they were holding hands when they arrived
llegaron cogidos de la mano esp Esp
I need somebody to hold my hand
necesito que alguien me dé ánimos
I took Mary's hand in mine to take her across the road
le di la mano a Mary para cruzar la calle
he took me by the hand
me tomó or agarró de la mano
he took me by the hand
me cogió de la mano esp Esp
we were all on our hands and knees, looking for the ring
estábamos todos a gatas or en cuatro patas, buscando el anillo
he wouldn't give it to me even if I went down on my hands and knees
no me lo daría ni aunque se lo pidiera de rodillas
to have/hold sth in one's hands
tener/llevar algo en la mano
to hold on with both hands
agarrarse or sujetarse con las dos manos
look, no hands!
mira ¡sin manos!
to hold out one's hand to sb
tenderle la mano a alguien
to join hands
darse la(s) mano(s)
we join hands with your people in deploring the events
nos solidarizamos con vuestro pueblo al expresar nuestra repulsa
hands off!
¡quita las manos de ahí!
hands off!
¡no toques!
hands off those watercolors!
¡no me toques las acuarelas!
hands off our schools!
¡dejen en paz nuestros colegios!
hand on heart, I didn't mean it
de veras, no fue esa mi intención
can you put (your) hand on (your) heart and say it isn't true?
¿puedes decir que no es verdad con la mano en el corazón?
to put one's hand up or to raise one's hand
levantar la mano
hands up all those in favor
que levanten la mano los que estén a favor
hands up or I'll shoot!
¡manos arriba or arriba las manos o disparo!
to raise one's hand to or against sb
levantarle la mano a alguien
my father never raised a hand to me
mi padre nunca me levantó la mano or nunca me puso la mano encima
from hand to hand
de mano en mano
she climbed the rope hand over hand
trepó palmo a palmo por la cuerda
they were fighting hand to hand
luchaban cuerpo a cuerpo
a piece for four hands MÚS
una pieza para cuatro manos
hand-sewn or -stitched
cosido a mano
hand-painted
pintado a mano

2. hand (in phrases):

at hand, the day of the opening was at hand
se acercaba el día de la inauguración
at hand, the day of the opening was at hand
el día de la inauguración estaba próximo
help was at hand
la ayuda estaba en camino
to learn about sth at first hand
enterarse de algo directamente or personalmente
to learn about sth at first hand
enterarse de algo de primera mano
to learn about sth at second/third hand
enterarse de algo a través de or por terceros
he heard of her marriage only at second hand from her brother
se enteró de que se había casado a través de or por su hermano
by hand, made/written by hand
hecho/escrito a mano
it must be washed by hand
hay que lavarlo a mano
he delivered the letter by hand
entregó la carta en mano or personalmente
“by hand” (on envelope)
en su mano
“by hand” (on envelope)
en mano Esp
“by hand” (on envelope)
presente CSur
hand in hand
de la mano
hand in hand
tomados or agarrados de la mano
hand in hand
cogidos de la mano esp Esp
poverty and disease go hand in hand
la pobreza y la enfermedad van de la mano
in hand glass/hat in hand
con el vaso/sombrero en la mano
in hand glass/hat in hand
vaso/sombrero en mano
sword in hand
espada en mano or en ristre
cash in hand (in accounting)
efectivo m en caja
to pay cash in hand
pagar en metálico or en efectivo
please concentrate on the task in hand
concéntrate en lo que tienes entre manos
of the projects we have currently in hand …
de los proyectos que tenemos entre manos …
let's get back to the matter in or americ also at hand
volvamos a lo que nos ocupa
I like to keep a few dollars in hand for unforeseen eventualities
me gusta tener unos dólares disponibles or en reserva para cualquier imprevisto
we've still got a couple of hours in hand before we go to the airport
todavía nos queda un par de horas antes de ir al aeropuerto
to have sth (well) in hand
tener algo controlado or bajo control
that boy needs taking in hand
a ese chico va a haber que apretarle las clavijas
on hand we're always on hand when you need us
si nos necesitas, aquí estamos
the police were on hand
la policía estaba cerca
it's useful to have it on hand
es útil tenerlo a mano
out of hand the boys get out of hand when their father is away
los chicos se descontrolan cuando el padre no está
the situation is getting out of hand
la situación se les (or nos etc.) va de las manos
to reject sth out of hand
rechazar algo de plano
to hand Brit (within reach)
al alcance de la mano
to hand Brit (within reach)
a (la) mano
to hand (available)
disponible
I don't have your file to hand
no tengo su archivo a (la) mano
according to the information to hand
según la información disponible
I can't find it now, but I'm sure it will come to hand
no lo encuentro en este momento, pero ya aparecerá
she grabbed the first thing that came to hand
agarró lo primero que encontró
hand in glove or esp americ hand and glove, they're allegedly hand in glove with their competitors to fix prices
se dice que se han puesto de acuerdo con la competencia para fijar los precios
hand over fist
a manos llenas
hand over fist
a espuertas esp Esp
her/his left hand doesn't know what her/his right hand is doing
su mano izquierda no sabe lo que hace su derecha
not to do a hand's turn coloq
no mover un dedo coloq
not to do a hand's turn coloq
no dar golpe Esp Méx coloq
to ask for/win sb's hand (in marriage) formal
pedir/obtener la mano de alguien (en matrimonio)
to beat sb/win hands down
ganarle a alguien/ganar sin problemas or sin el menor esfuerzo
to bind sb hand and foot
atar a alguien de pies y manos
to bind sb hand and foot
amarrar a alguien de pies y manos lat-amer excl RioPr
we're bound hand and foot
estamos atados de pies y manos
we're bound hand and foot
tenemos las manos atadas
to bite the hand that feeds one
ser un desagradecido
talk about biting the hand that feeds you!
¡cría cuervos … !
to dirty or sully one's hands she wouldn't dirty her hands with typing
no se rebajaría a hacer de mecanógrafa: se le caerían los anillos
he's already dirtied his hands with arms dealing
ya se ha ensuciado las manos comerciando con armas
to force sb's hand events forced their hand
los acontecimientos los obligaron a actuar
I didn't want to, but you forced my hand
no quería hacerlo, pero no me dejaste otra salida
to gain/have the upper hand , eventually she gained the upper hand over her rival
finalmente se impuso a su rival
she's always had the upper hand in their relationship
siempre ha dominado ella en su relación
to get one's hands on sb/sth, just wait till I get my hands on him!
¡vas a ver cuando lo agarre!
she can't wait to get her hands on the new computer
se muere por usar la computadora nueva
I've been trying to get my hands on that book for ages
hace años que ando tras ese libro
to give sb/have a free hand
darle a alguien/tener carta blanca
to give sb one's hand on sth he gave me his hand on it and the bargain was sealed
cerramos el trato con un apretón de manos
to give sb the glad hand americ
saludar a alguien efusivamente
to give with one hand and take away with the other
borrar con el codo lo que se escribe con la mano
to go hat or Brit cap in hand (to sb), the next day, hat in hand, I apologized to the boss
al día siguiente me tragué el orgullo y le pedí perdón al jefe
I can't stand the way you have to go hat in hand to her for the smallest request
no soporto que hasta el menor favor se lo tengas que pedir de rodillas
we had to go to them hat in hand asking for more money
tuvimos que ir a mendigarles más dinero
to grab or grasp or seize sth with both hands it was a wonderful opportunity and she grabbed it with both hands
era una oportunidad fantástica y no dejó que se le escapara de las manos
to have one's hands full she certainly has her hands full with seven children
por cierto que tiene en qué entretenerse, con siete niños
at the moment we've got our hands full with this order
en este momento estamos ocupadísimos con este pedido
to have one's hands tied
tener las manos atadas
to have one's hands tied
tener las manos amarradas lat-amer excl RioPr
my/his hands are tied
tengo/tiene las manos atadas
my/his hands are tied
tengo/tiene las manos amarradas lat-amer excl RioPr
to have sb eating out of one's hand
hacer con alguien lo que se quiere
to have sb eating out of one's hand
manejar a alguien a su (or mi etc.) antojo
she had them eating out of her hand
hacía con ellos lo que quería
she had them eating out of her hand
los manejaba a su antojo
to keep one's hand in
no perder la práctica
to know a place like the back of one's hand
conocer un sitio al dedillo or como la palma de la mano
she knows Paris like the back of her hand
(se) conoce París al dedillo or como la palma de la mano
to live (from) hand to mouth
vivir al día
to put or dip one's hand in one's pocket
contribuir con dinero
to put or lay one's hand(s) on sth
dar con algo
to sit on one's hands
cruzarse de brazos
to sit on one's hands
estar mano sobre mano
to stay one's/sb's hand (from sth) lit, they begged him to stay his hand
le rogaron que se contuviera
she managed to stay his hand from that dreadful act
logró impedir que cometiera semejante barbaridad
to try one's hand (at sth)
probar (a hacer algo)
to turn one's hand to sth I'm willing to turn my hand to anything
estoy dispuesto a hacer cualquier tipo de trabajo
he was a success in everything he turned his hand to
todo lo que se proponía (hacer) le salía bien
to wait on sb hand and foot
hacerle de sirviente/sirvienta a alguien
to wash one's hands of sth
desentenderse de algo
to wash one's hands of sth
lavarse las manos de algo
many hands make light work
el trabajo compartido es más llevadero

3.3. hand <hands, pl > (possession, control, care):

to change hands
cambiar de dueño or manos
a few dollars changed hands and it was mine
les di unos dólares y era mío
the contract is now in the hands of the lawyer
ahora el contrato está en manos del abogado
your future lies in your own hands
tú eres dueño de tu futuro
your future lies in your own hands
tu futuro depende de ti
can I leave the matter in your hands?
¿puedo dejar el asunto en tus manos?
in private hands
en manos (de) particulares
in good/capable hands
en buenas manos
my life is in your hands
mi vida depende de ti
how did that vase come into your hands?
¿cómo llegó a tus manos ese jarrón?
he/it fell into the hands of the enemy or into enemy hands
cayó en manos del enemigo
to put oneself in sb's hands
ponerse en manos de alguien
to get sth/sb off one's hands coloq
quitarse algo/a alguien de encima coloq
he offered to take it off my hands for $500 coloq
me dijo que me daba 500 dólares por él para quitármelo de encima
on sb's hands, she hates having the children on her hands all day long
detesta tener a los niños a su cuidado todo el día
I've enough on my hands just now without that as well
tengo ya bastante entre manos como para meterme también en eso
to have more time on one's hands
tener más tiempo libre
we've got a problem on our hands
tenemos or se nos presenta un problema
I think we may have a bestseller on our hands
creo que estamos frente a un posible bestseller
out of sb's hands, the matter is out of my hands
el asunto no está en mis manos
the decision has been taken out of his hands
la decisión ya no está en sus manos
to play into sb's hands the strikers are playing into the management's hands
los huelguistas le están haciendo el juego or se lo están poniendo en bandeja a la patronal

5.1. hand JOGOS (set of cards):

hand
mano f
hand
cartas fpl
a good/poor hand
una buena/mala mano
a good/poor hand
buenas/malas cartas
to overplay one's hand
jugar mal sus (or mis etc.) cartas
to show or reveal one's hand
mostrar or enseñar las cartas
to show or reveal one's hand
mostrar el juego
to strengthen sb's hand
afianzar la posición de alguien
to throw in one's hand (to abandon a course of action, plan)
tirar la toalla or esponja
to throw in one's hand (to abandon a course of action, plan)
claudicar
to throw in one's hand literal (in poker)
abandonar (las apuestas)
to throw in one's hand literal (in poker)
irse al plato Chile
to tip one's hand americ coloq
dejar ver sus (or mis etc.) intenciones

II.hand [americ hænd, Brit hand] VERBO trans

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I.backward [americ ˈbækwərd, Brit ˈbakwəd] ADJ

I.have <pass & Part perf had> [americ hæv, həv, (ə)v, Brit hav] VERBO trans

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2. have (to hold, to have at one's disposal):

have
tener
look out, he's got a gun!
¡cuidado! ¡tiene una pistola or está armado!
how much money do you have or esp Brit have you got on you?
¿cuánto dinero tienes or llevas encima?
I had him by the arm
lo tenía agarrado del brazo
may I have a sheet of paper?
¿me das una hoja de papel?
that one doesn't work: have this one Brit
ese no funciona, toma este
may I have your name?
¿me dice su nombre?
do you have or esp Brit have you got her address?
¿tienes su dirección?
have you got a light?
¿tienes fuego?
you've had long enough
has tenido tiempo suficiente
I've got a surprise for you
tengo una sorpresa para ti
I've got a surprise for you
te tengo una sorpresa
could I have your Sales Department, please? (on phone)
¿me comunica con el departamento de ventas, por favor?
could I have your Sales Department, please? (on phone)
¿me pone con el departamento de ventas, por favor? Esp
could I have your Sales Department, please? (on phone)
¿me da con el departamento de ventas, por favor? CSur
I have it!, I've got it!
¡ya lo tengo!
I have it!, I've got it!
¡ya está, ya está!
all right: have it your own way!
¡está bien! ¡haz lo que quieras!
what have we here?
¿y esto?
to have sth to + infin
tener algo que  +  infin
I've (got) a lot to do
tengo mucho que hacer
you've (got) a lot to learn
tienes mucho que aprender
I had nothing to wear that was suitable
no tenía nada que ponerme que fuese apropiado
I have or I've got this photo to remind me
tengo esta foto de recuerdo

3.1. have (to receive):

have
tener
we had a letter from him last week
tuvimos or recibimos carta de él la semana pasada
have you had any news?
¿has tenido noticias?
he has all-party support
cuenta con or tiene el apoyo de todos los partidos
could we have some silence, please?
(hagan) silencio, por favor
could we have the next witness?
que pase el siguiente testigo
I had it from someone who knows the people involved
lo supe or me enteré por alguien que conoce a las personas implicadas
we have it on the best authority that …
sabemos de buena fuente que …
to have had it coloq don't let her catch you or you've had it
que no te pille o estás arreglado coloq
I think your umbrella's had it
me parece que tu paraguas no da para más coloq
I've had it up to here with your complaining
estoy hasta la coronilla or hasta las narices de tus quejas coloq
to have it in for sb coloq
tenerle manía or tirria a alguien coloq
to let sb have it calão (attack) (physically)
darle su merecido a alguien
to let sb have it calão (attack) (physically)
darle a alguien como en bolsa RioPr coloq
to let sb have it (verbally)
cantarle las cuarenta a alguien coloq
to let sb have it (verbally)
poner a alguien verde Esp coloq
to let sb have it (verbally)
poner a alguien a parir Esp coloq

4. have (to consume):

have steak/spaghetti
comer
have steak/spaghetti
tomar Esp
have champagne/beer
tomar
to have breakfast
desayunar
to have dinner
cenar
to have dinner
comer lat-amer
to have lunch
almorzar
to have lunch
comer esp Esp Méx
to have a cigarette
fumarse un cigarrillo
have some more sauce
sírvete más salsa
what are we having for dinner?
¿qué hay de cena?
I've had nothing to eat all day
no he comido nada en todo el día
we had too much to drink
bebimos demasiado
we had too much to drink
tomamos demasiado lat-amer
how do you have your coffee?
¿cómo tomas el café?
what will you have? (in restaurant)
¿qué se van a servir?
what will you have? (in restaurant)
¿qué van a tomar? Esp
I think I'll have the sole
creo que voy a pedir el lenguado
I think I'll have the sole
creo que voy a tomar el lenguado Esp

5.1. have (to experience):

have accident/meeting
tener
we had a week in Rome
estuvimos or pasamos una semana en Roma
they had a party to celebrate
hicieron una fiesta para celebrarlo
the project has had a setback
el proyecto ha sufrido un revés
did you have good weather?
¿te (or les etc.) hizo buen tiempo?
have a nice day!
¡adiós! ¡que le (or te etc.) vaya bien!
we had a very pleasant evening
pasamos una noche muy agradable
he's having Spanish lessons
está tomando or le están dando clases de español
he's having Spanish lessons
está dando clases de español Esp
I had an injection
me pusieron or me dieron una inyección
he had a heart transplant/an X ray
le hicieron un trasplante de corazón/una radiografía
she had a heart attack
le dio un ataque al corazón or un infarto
they have it easy
lo tienen (todo) muy fácil

7. have causative use:

we'll have it clean in no time
enseguida lo limpiamos or lo dejamos limpio
he had them all laughing/in tears
los hizo reír/llorar a todos
you had me worried
me tenías preocupado
we'll soon have you out of here
pronto te sacaremos de aquí
to have sb + infin she had me retype it
me lo hizo volver a pasar a máquina
I'll have her call you back as soon as she arrives
le diré or pediré que lo llame en cuanto llegue
what else would you have them do?
¿qué más quieres que hagan?
I'll have you know, young man, that I …
para que sepa, jovencito, yo …
to have sth + past part he had a new palace built
se hizo construir un nuevo palacio
to have sth + past part he had a new palace built
se mandó construir un nuevo palacio lat-amer
you could have it repaired
podrías hacerlo arreglar
you could have it repaired
podrías mandarlo (a) arreglar lat-amer
you've had your hair cut!
¡te has cortado el pelo!
have him seen by the doctor
hazlo ver por el médico

II.have <pass & Part perf had> [americ hæv, həv, (ə)v, Brit hav] VERBO aux

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1. have (used to form the perfect tenses):

have
haber
I have/had seen her
la he/había visto
I have/had just seen her
la acabo/acababa de ver
I have/had just seen her
recién la vi/la había visto lat-amer
have you been waiting long?
¿hace mucho que esperas?
have you been waiting long?
¿llevas mucho rato esperando?
you have been busy
¡cómo has trabajado!
she'd already gone when we arrived
ya se había ido cuando llegamos
had I known that or if I'd known that …
si hubiera sabido que …
had I known that or if I'd known that …
de haber sabido que …
when he had finished, she …
cuando terminó, ella …
when he had finished, she …
cuando hubo terminado, ella … lit

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I.have [həv, stressed: hæv] has, had, had has, had, had VERBO trans

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II.have [həv, stressed: hæv] has, had, had has, had, had VERBO aux (indicates perfect tense)

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inglês americano

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